Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh 9 - Năm học 2019-2020 - Nguyễn Thị Hà

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh 9 - Năm học 2019-2020 - Nguyễn Thị Hà

1. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH 9 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1 1.Th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n * C¸ch dïng: - DiÔn t¶ sù viÖc x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i, mét thãi quen , mét sù thËt , mét quy luËt, Ex1:We usually go to school by bike. Ex2:The Sun rises in the East. - Th× hiÖn t¹i cßn mang ý nghÜa t­¬ng lai khi nãi vÒ thêi kho¸ biÓu , lÞch ch¹y tµu xe Ex1:The bus 102 leaves at 12 o’clock *DÊu hiÖu(always, usually, often, sometime,never,once, twice ..) * MÉu c©u; a,Víi tobe b,Víi V th­êng + S + is/ am/ are .. + S + V(s,es) .. - S + isn’t / am not/ aren’t . - S + don’t/ doesn’t + V .. ? Is/Am /Are + S ..? ?Do/ Does + S + V? Yes,S + be / No, S + benot Yes, S + do / does Wh? Wh + be + S .? No, S + don’t/ doesn’t Wh? Wh + do/ does + S + V? *C¸ch biÕn ®æi ®éng tõ ë ng«i thø ba sè Ýt + C¸ch1:+ s :Ex1: read – reads + Cach 2:TËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ : o,ch,sh,x,ss,z th× + es Ex1: watch - watches +C¸ch 3:TËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ y ®æi y thµnh i +es :Ex1: study- studies , tidy - tidies trõ khi tr­íc y lµ mét nguyªn ©m. +C¸ch 4: Tr­êng hîp ®Æc biÖt: Ex1: Have- has * C¸ch ph¸t ©m ®u«i s,es - §äc lµ s sau c¸c ©m ; gh,p,k,t - §äc lµ iz sau ©m; se,ge,ss,sh,ch,x - §äc lµ z sau c¸c ©m ; d,g,l,m,n,ng *C¸ch chuyÓn N sè Ýt sang N sè nhiÒu: - C¸ch 1: ®a sè c¸c danh tõ ®Òu + s vµo cuèi boy – boys, pen- pens, computer- computers - C¸c danh tõ tËn cïng lµ: s, sh, ch, ss, x, z + es Dish- dishes, church- churches, box – boxes - C¸c danh tõ kÕt thóc = y Tr­êng hîp 1; NÕu tr­íc y lµ mét nguyªn ©m + s : key- keys, boy-boys, Tr­êng hîp 2; NÕu tr­íc y lµ mét phô ©m th× chuyÓn y – i + es ; lady – ladies, story- stories - C¸c danh tõ kÕt thóc b»ng f hoÆc fe th× chuyÓn thµnh v + es; shelf – shelves, calf- calves NÕu tr­íc f cã “oo”th× chØ céng s ; roof – roofs, proof – proofs Mét sè danh tõ kÕt thóc b»ng f khi chuyÓn sang sè nhiÒu cã hai h×nh thøc; Scarf- scarfs(scarves) , dwarf – dwarves(dwarfs) - C¸c danh tõ tËn cïng lµ 0 Tr­êng hîp 1: Tr­íc 0 lµ mét phô ©m + es; tomato- tomatoes, hero-heroes Tr­êng hîp 2: Tr­íc 0 lµ mét nguyªn ©m + s ; radio – radios, piano- pianos - Tr­êng hîp ®Æc biÖt Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 1 -
2. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 man – men, woman- women, tooth-teeth, foot- feet, louse- lice, goose-geese, child-children 2.C©u bÞ ®éng hiÖn t¹i ®¬n gi¶n *C¸c mÉu c©u a.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh: S + is / am/ are + Ved3 + by O Ex1: My sister cleans the floor everyday. – The floor is cleaned by my sister. b.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng phñ ®Þnh: S + isn’t/ amnot/ aren’t + Ved3 + by O Ex1: They don’t use this road very often.- This road isn’t used very often. c.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng nghi vÊn: Is/Am/Are + S + ved3 + by O? Ex1: Do they plant many trees in the park.- Are many trees planted in the park. d.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng c©u hái cã tõ ®Ó hái: Wh + is/ am / are + S + ved3+by O? *C¸c b­íc chuyÓn c©u chñ ®éng sang bÞ ®éng. - B­íc 1: X¸c ®Þnh th× cña c©u, kiÓu c©u - B­íc 2: Ph©n tÝch c©u (Chñ ng÷, ®éng tõ chÝnh,t©n ng÷ ) - B­íc 3: ChuyÓn c©u: - ChuyÓn t©n ng÷ c©u chñ ®éng lµm chñ ng÷ c©u bÞ ®éng. - H¹ ®éng tõ chÝnh cña c©u chñ ®éng xuèng c©u bÞ ®éng nh­ng ph¶i ®Ó ë d¹ng Ved3. - ChuyÓn chñ ng÷ c©u chñ ®éng lµm t©n ng÷ c©u bÞ ®éng - Tr¹ng tõ chØ thêi gian ®Ó sau by O. Tr¹ng tõ chØ n¬i chèn ®Ó tr­íc by O *C¸c chó ý khi chuyÓn + Tr­êng hîp b¾t buéc ph¶i dïng t©n ng÷ - NÕu chñ ng÷ c©u chñ ®éng lµ c¸c tõ ®· râ rµng nh­ : Tªn riªng(Nam, Mr Hung ), TTSH + N (my mother, their students .), the + N x¸c ®Þnh (the children, the man with a blue T-shirt..) Ex1: My mother teaches English in high school. – English is taught in high school by my mother. + Tr­êng hîp kh«ng ®­îc dïng t©n ng÷ trong c©u bÞ ®éng: - NÕu chñ ng÷ c©u chñ ®éng lµ nh÷ng tõ ch­a râ rµng nh­: people , they , ®¹i tõ phiÕm ®Þnh ( everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, nothing, noone, anybody, anything, anyone Ex1: People learn English all over the world. – English is spoken all over the world. + Tr­êng hîp cã thÓ viÕt hoÆc kh«ng viÕt t©n ng÷ trong c©u bÞ ®éng - NÕu chñ ng÷ trong c©u chñ ®éng lµ c¸c ®¹i tõ nh©n x­ng ; I , you , we, he , she , it, they Ex1: She makes a big cake.- A big cake is made (by her). + NÕu chñ ng÷ trong c©u bÞ ®éng lµ tõ chØ sù viÖc th× khi chuyÓn ta dïng “with” thay cho “by” Ex1: Smoke fill the room . – The room is filled with the smoke. * C¸c tr­êng hîp ®Æc biÖt c©u bÞ ®éng: a)D¹ng nhê b¶o , sai khiÕn: - C©u chñ ®éng: S + have/has/had/get/gets/got + 0(chØ ng­êi) + to V + 0 (chØ vËt) - C©u bÞ ®éng: S + have/has/had/get/gets/got + 0(chØ vËt) + Ved3 + (by 0 chØ ng­êi) Ex1: I have him to repair my computer – I have my computer repaired b)Víi c¸c ®éng tõ chØ gi¸c quan( see, watch, hear ) - C©u chñ ®éng: S + V(tri gi¸c) + 0 + V/Ving - C©u bÞ ®éng: S + be + Ved3(tri gi¸c) + to V / Ving Ex1; They saw her come in – She was seen to come in. Ex2: I have heard her sing this song several times.She has been heard to sing this song c) Víi c¸c ®éng tõ chØ ý kiÕn: say, think, believe, report, rumour .. - C©u chñ ®éng: S(people, they) + V(ý kiÕn) + that + clause(S2 + V2+ 02) - C©u bÞ ®éng: It is + Ved3(ý kiÕn) + that + clause S2 + be + Ved3(ý kiÕn) + to V2+ 02/to have + Ved3 Ex1: People say that he is a rich man. – It is said that he is a rich man. Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 2 -
3. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 S2 V2 02 - He is said to be a rich man. - He is said to have been a rich man. d)Víi c©u mÖnh lÖnh: + Tr­êng hîp 1: - C©u bÞ ®éng: V + 0 .. - C©u bÞ ®éng: Let + 0 + be + Ved3 .. Ex1: Write your name here. – Let your name be written here. + Tr­êng hîp 2: - C©u chñ ®éng:S + let + 0 + V - C©u bÞ ®éng: S + be + let + toV Ex1: He let me go out. – I was let to go – I was allowed to go out. 3.Bµi tËp ¸p dông: * Bµi 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc 1.Jet engine(make) a lot of noise. 2.What Miss Lan (look) like?- She (be) slim, and she (have) wavy hair. 3.In my country,it (not rain)much in winter. 4.Oranges (be)rich in Vitamin C. 5.The Sun always(rise)in the east.Look! It (rise). 6.My father (not drink) wine. 7.The moon(go) around the Earth, and the Earth (revolve) around the Sun. 8.She ( have ) many good books ? 9.My father (read) now.He always (read) a book after dinner. 10.Our boss(leave)Dover at 2:00 on Friday and (arrive)in Calais at 6:00 11.The conference (start) on June 3rd, and (finish)on June 10th . 12.We've planty time . Our plane (not take off) until 9 o'clock. 13.Tonight's concert(begin)at 8:00 and it (not end)until 11:00. 14.When (the next train/ leave) for Bristol? 15.What time (your plane/ leave) tomorrow? 16.If the weather(be) nice tomorrow, we'll go sailling. 17.My sister loves(cook), but she doean't like(wash)the diskes. 18.The concert(begin)at 7.30 tonight. * ChuyÓn c©u chñ ®éng sang c©u bÞ ®éng: 1.My sister cleans these rooms everyday. 2.When does he usually do his homework? 3.People speak E all over the world. 4.People don’t use this road very often. 5.They sell E books in that shop. 6.Do you like candies? 7.Does anyone answer my questions? 8.Turn off the computer at night. 9.How do people learn language? 10.She makes coffee for her parents everyday. Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 3 -
4. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2 1.Th× hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn: * C¸ch dïng: - Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i. - DiÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng sÏ x¶y ra trong t­¬ng lai nh­ cã dù trï tõ tr­íc. Ex1: Tet is coming in two months. - Th× hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn cßn diÔn t¶ sù viÖc ®ang dÇn thay ®æi.víi get vµ become S + is/am/are + getting Becoming - DiÔn t¶ ý than phiÒn: S + be + always + Ving.- Lan is always forgetting her homework. * DÊu hiÖu:(now, at the moment, look!, today, listen!, at the present, right now, tonight, be careful, be quiet, ) * MÉu c©u: + S + is/ am / are + Ving. - S + isn’t/am not/ aren’t + Ving. ? Is/ Am/ Are + S + Ving? Yes, S + be/ No, S + be not Wh? Wh + be + S + Ving? * C¸ch thªm ®u«i ing - C¸ch 1: Th«ng th­êng ta chØ viÖc thªm ®u«i “ing” vµo sau ®éng tõ Ex1: read – reading , play – playing, do – doing, work - working - C¸ch 2: NÕu tËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ ©m e bá e céng “ing”: Ex1: move – moving, write – writing, leave – leaving - C¸ch 3: Víi c¸c tõ cã nguyªn t¾c p – n – p th× gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi råi céng “ing” Ex1 : run – running, cut – cutting - C¸ch 4: Víi c¸c tõ cã tõ hai ©m tiÕt mµ träng ©m r¬i vµo ©m tiÕt thø 2 th× gÊp ®«i ©m cuèi råi + ing Ex1 : begin – beginning, prefer- preffereing, stop – stopping - C¸ch 5: NÕu tËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ ©m : ie th× chuyÓn ie thµnh y + ing Ex: tie – tying, die – dying, lie - lying 2.C©u bÞ ®éng hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn a.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh: S + is / am /are + being + Ved3 + by 0 d.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng c©u hái cã tõ ®Ó hái: Where + is / am / are + S + being + Ved3. c.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng nghi vÊn: Is / Am/ Are + S + being + Ved3 + byO b.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng phñ ®Þnh: S + isn’t/ amnot/ aren’t + being + Ved3 + by O 3.Th× t­¬ng lai gÇn * C¸ch dïng: DiÔn t¶ ho¹t ®éng ch¾c ch¾n sÏ x¶y ra trong t­¬ng lai, cã dù trï tõ tr­íc * MÉu c©u: + S + be + going to + V. - S + be not + going to + V. ? Be + S + be going to + V? Yes, S + be / No, S + be not * DÊu hiÖu(next, tomorrow,tonight,this summer vacation ) 4:C©u bÞ ®éng t­êng lai gÇn Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 4 -
5. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 a.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh:C©u bÞ ®éng t­¬ng lai gÉn: S + is / am / are +going to be + Ved3 by 0 b.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng phñ ®Þnh: S + isn’t / amnot / aren’t +going to be + Ved3 by 0 c.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng nghi vÊn: Is/Am/Are + S + going to be + Ved3 + by O? d.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng c©u hái cã tõ ®Ó hái: Wh + is/am/are + S + going to be + Ved3? 5.Bµi tËp a.Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc 1.Look!The bus(come) ... 2.Maryam (stay) with us at the moment.She(be) my sister’s friend. 3.Look! Our new teacher (come) .She (have) long black hair. 4.What she (do) now? She (write) a letter. 5.Be quiet! I (watch) an interesting film. 6.Mr Nam(not come ) to the office in two weeks. 7.Nam(get) taller and taller. 8. In VietNam the weather (become) colder and colder in December. b.ChuyÓn c©u chñ ®éng sang bÞ ®éng 1.Ba is waching an interesting film. 2.They are planting a lot of rice in Vietnam. 3.Where is Mrs Lan reading a book? 4.Everybody doesn’t use this bike. 5.Are Ba and Hoa playing soccer? 6.Many student are going to have an important exam next week. 7.I am going to buy a new car. 8.My class is going to visit Hue next month. . Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 5 -
6. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3 1.Th× t­¬ng lai ®¬n: *C¸ch dïng: - DiÔn t¶ sù viÖc sÏ x¶y ra trong t­¬ng lai nh­ng kh«ng ch¾c ch¾n *DÊu hiÖu(next , in some days, in future. *MÉu c©u: + S + will + V. - S + will not + V ? Will + S + V? Yes,S + will / No, S + will not Wh?Wh + will + S + V? - S + hope / promise + S + will V V 2.C©u bÞ ®éng t­¬ng lai ®¬n: a.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh: S + will + be + Ved3+ by 0 Ex1: My father will build a new house. – A new house will be built by my father. b.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng phñ ®Þnh: S + won’t be + Ved3 + byO Ex1: My father won’t build a new house. – A new house won’t be built by my father. c.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng nghi vÊn: Will + S + be + Ved3 + by O? Ex1: Will your father build a new house?- Will a new house be built by your father. d.C©u bÞ ®éng ë d¹ng c©u hái cã tõ ®Ó hái: Wh + will + be + Ved3 ? Ex1: Where will your father build a new house? Where will a new house be built ? 3.Th× hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh *C¸ch dïng : - DiÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø vµ cßn tiÕp tôc ®Õn hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t­¬ng lai - Quan ®Õn kÕt qu¶ cña hµnh ®éng, th«ng b¸o mét sù viÖc Ex1 : I have seen a dangerous accident. * DÊu hiÖu:( just, ever, never, already, recently,...sau have/has, not yet, since + mèc thêi gian, for + kho¶ng thêi gian, so far,it is the first time/the second time.., up to now) * MÉu c©u: + S + have / has+ Ved3 - S + haven’t/ hasn’t+ Ved3 ? Have / Has + S + Ved3? Yes, S + have/ has No, haven’t/ hasn’t Wh?Wh + have/ has+ S + Ved3? 4.C©u bÞ ®éng th× hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh a. C©u bÞ ®éng HTHT d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh:S + have/ has + been + Ved3 + by 0 Ex1 : Mr Hung has read a new book.- A new book has been read by Mr Hung. b.C©u bÞ ®éng d¹ng phñ ®Þnh:S + haven’t /hasn’t + been + Ved3 + byO Ex1: Mr Hung hasn’t read a new book. – A new book hasn’t been read by Mr Hung. c.C©u bÞ ®éng d¹ng nghi vÊn: Have/Has + S + been + Ved3 + by O? Ex1: Has Mr Hung read a new book? Has a new book been read by Mr Hung? d. C©u bÞ ®éng d¹ng Wh: Wh + have/ has + S + been + Ved3? Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 6 -
7. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 Ex1; Where has Mr Hung read a new book? – Where has a new book been read by Mr Hung? 5.Mẫu câu nhờ /khiến ai đó làm gì. a.Nhờ ai làm cho mình việc gì: S + have/has/get/gets + SB + V Ex1 : I have my friend repaire my car. b.Có việc gì đó nhờ ai, làm: S + have/ has/get/gets + ST + Ved3. Ex1 : I have my car repaired. 6.Th× qu¸ khø ®¬n: * C¸ch dïng: - DiÔn t¶ nh÷ng viÖc x¶y ra trong qóa khø *DÊu hiÖu:(ago, last, yesterday, in 2007, in the past, the other day(ngµy nä)..) *MÉu c©u: a.Víi tobe: + S + was/ were b.Víi V th­êng: - S + wasn’t/ weren’t +S + V(ed) - S + didn’t + V. ? Was/ Were + S ? Did + S + V ..? + .? Yes, S + did/ No, S Yes,S + was/ were + didn’t No,S +wasn’t / Wh? Wh+did + S + weren’t V? Wh? Wh + was/ were+ S...? * C¸nh ph¸t ©m ®u«i ed - ®äc lµ id khi theo sau ©m /t/, / d / - ®äc lµ t sau mét trong nhòng ©m / gh,p,ch,sh,s,k/ - ®äc lµ d sau mét trong nh÷ng ©m cßn l¹i * C¸c c¸ch thªm ®u«I ed vµo sau ®éng tõ - C¸ch 1: Th«ng th­êng khi chuyÓn ®éng tõ th­êng sang qu¸ khø ®¬n ta + ed vµo sau V. Ex : work - worked, climb - climbed, need – needed, - C¸ch 2: NÕu tËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ ©m e chØ viÖc céng ®u«i “d” Ex : live - lived, love - loved, move – moved - C¸ch 3: NÕu tËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ ©m y: NÕu tr­íc y lµ mét nguyªn ©m th× + ed Ex: play - played , NÕu tr­íc y lµ mét phô ©m th× chuyÓn y thµnh i + ed Ex: study - studied, tidy- tidied - C¸ch 4: Víi ®éng tõ cã mét vÇn,tËn cïng ®éng tõ lµ mét phô ©m tr­íc nã lµ mét nguyªn ©m duy nhÊt th× gÊp ®«I phô ©m cuèi + ed Ex: beg - begged, stop- stopped, rob- robbed - C¸ch 5:Víi ®éng tõ cã hai vÇn tËn cïng lµ 1 p© tr­íc nã lµ n© , träng ©m r¬I vµo ©m tiÕt thø 2 th× gÊp ®«I phô ©m cuèi + ed Ex:permit- permitted, prefer- preferred - C¸ch 6: tr­êng hîp ®Æc biÖt: Ex1 : sell- sold, buy - bought 7.Bµi tËp: a.Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc 1.How long you (know) Mrs Chi?- I (know) her for five years.(I-51-Chi) Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 7 -
8. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 2.Your dog ever (bite) anyone?- Yes, he (bite) apoliceman last week. 3.We (not see) her since we (be) on holiday in HaLong bay. 4.Phuong ( not finish) her homework yet. 5.Would yousome like coffee? I just (make ) some. 6.We are now living on 72 nd street where we (live) for two years.(VI-46-Thi) 7.They (live) in Washington from 1950-1955. 8.Before John came to the USA, he (work) as a worker. 9.Since coming here,however, he (work) as a clerk. 10.Smith (leave) NewYork last month and (work) in Chicago since then. 11.When I last saw him , John (feel) very well. 12.I myself (study) French since 1980. 13.We(buy)this car two years ago and (drive ) it 5000 miles since then. 14.Tom hopes he ( meet) ..many interesting people. 15.A friend of my brother’s (call) .him last night , but he (not be) at home .So I (take) a message for him. 16.You (be) away? –Yes.I (go) to the country last Sunday. 17.My uncle(not be ) out of his house since he (buy) a color TV.(50-otkt) 18.Three thieves(rob) the museum last night. Five painings (steal). b.ChuyÓn c©u chñ ®éng sang bÞ ®éng 13.Someone has told me about her success. 14.People have developed many different paper products. 15.Wastes from chemical factories have caused a lot of polution. 16.They haven’t collect the rubbish. 17.Polution from fatories has destroyed many lakes and rivers. 18.My brother has just repaired the bicycle. 19.Have you tidied the kitchen? 20.They have just given the children some gifts. 21.People have used the ball point pens for many years. . CHUY£N §Ò 4 1.C¸c c¸ch viÕt l¹i c©u tõ hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh sang qu¸ khø ®¬n: a.Tr­êng hîp 1:* S + hasn’t / haven’t +V(3-ed)+O + for/since + t/gian = S + last + V(qk)+ O + t/gian ago(in-on + t/gian) = It is + t/g + since + S + last + O + v(qk) = The last time + S + Ved + O + was + t/tgian + (ago) ( in /on + mèc thêi gian = since + mèc thêi gian) (thêi gian + ago = for + kho¶ng thêi gian) VD: I haven’t written to my mother for two months = = I last wrote to my mother two months ago = It is two months since I last wrote to my mother = the last time I wrote to my motherwas two months ago. b.Tr­êng hîp 2: * S + haven't / hasn't + Ved3+ O + before. = This is the first time + S + have/ has + ever + Ved3+ O VD: I haven't read this story before. = This is the first time I have ever read this story. Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 8 -
9. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 c.Tr­êng hîp 4:* S + have / has + Ved3 + O+ for/ since + t/ gian. = S + started / began + Ving + O + ago VD: I have learnt English for 5 years. = I stated learning English 5 years ago 2.Th× qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn *C¸ch dïng:- DiÔn t¶ sù viÖc ®ang x¶y ra t¹i thêi x¸c ®Þnh trong qu¸ khø; - DiÔn t¶ mét sù viÖc ®ang x¶y ra th× bÞ mét hµnh ®éng kh¸c c½t ngang. Ex1: When he came, I was having my dinner last night. - DiÔn t¶ méi hai ho¹t ®éng cïng x¶y ra // Ex2: Lan was singing while her friend was doing homework. *DÊu hiÖu(at 8 o’clock last night, at that time, .... *MÉu c©u: + S + was/ were + Ving - S + wasn’t/ weren’t + Ving ? Was/ Were+ S + Ving? Yes,S + was/ were No, S+ wasn’t/weren’t Wh? Wh+was/ were+ S + Ving? * Chó ý : Cø cã when th× ngay sau when chia ®éng tõ ë th× qu¸ khø ®¬n cßn l¹i chia ë qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn. - Cø cã while th× ngay sau while chia ë qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn 3.C¸c ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu S + KT + V D¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh D¹ng phñ ®Þnh D¹ng qu¸ khø Can Can’t Could – couldn’t Will Won’t Wouldn’t Shall Shan’t Should – shouldn’t May Maynot Might Must Musn’t Had to – didn’t have to Have/has to Doesn’t have to Had to – din’t have to Ought to Ought not to 4.C©u bÞ ®éng víi ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu: a.D¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh: S + KT + be + Ved3 + by O Ex1 : Lan can sing English song – English song can be sung by Lan. b.D¹ng phñ ®Þnh: S + KT not + be + Ved3 + by O Ex2 : Lan can’t sing English song. – English song can’t be sung by Lan. c.D¹ng nghi vÊn: KT + S + be + Ved3 + by O? Ex3 : Can Lan sing English song?- Can English song be sung by Lan? d.D¹ng c©u hái cã tõ ®Ó hái:Wh + KT + S+ be + Ved3 + by O? Ex4 ; Where can Lan sing English song? – Where can English song be sung by Lan? 5.Bµi tËp a.Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc: 1.While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night, our uncle in the USA (phone) 2.Ann (wait) for me when I (arrive) III-106 oanh 3.Last night I (read) in bed when suddenly I ( hear) a scream. 4.I (break) a plate last night I (do) the washing up when it (slip) out of my hand. 5.When I(come) there, everybody(leave) Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 9 -
10. Tr­êng THCS §«ng H¶i - N¨m häc 2019- 2020 6.What you(do) at this time yesterday? 7.Last night while I (read) a book, my daughter and husband (watch) TV. 8.Mr John can (run) faster than I. 9.I promise I won’t(tell) lie. 10.While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night, our uncle in the USA (phone) 11.When we (be) small,our family (live) in the countryside. 12.While Alan (drive) home late last night. he (run) out of petrol. 13.Lan(watch) TV while her parents (read)newspaper at 8 0’clock last night. 14. Last night When we (visit)him , he (do) an experiment. 15.What you (do ) at 8 o’clock last night? I (watch) TV. CHUY£N §£ 5 1.C©u trùc tiÕp gi¸n tiÕp: - Là lời nói được thuật lại đúng nguyên văn của người nói: E.g: John said, “I like reading science books.”(John nói, “Tôi thích đọc sách.) My teacher said, “I’ll give you a test tomorrow.” Lời nói trực tiếp được viết giữa dấu trích hau ngoặc kép và ngăn cách với mệnh đề tường thuật bởi dấu phảy. - Lời nói tường thuật hay lời nói gián tiếp:Là lời được thuật lại với ý và từ của người tường thuật,nhưng vẫn giữ nguyên ý. E.g: John said (that) he liked reading science books. My teacher said(that) he would give us a test the next day. - Lời tường thuật hay lời nói gián tiếp không bị ngăn cách dấu phảy hay dấu ngoặc kép,và luôn tậ cùng bằng dấu chấm câu. *Cách biến đổi từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp: Khi ®æi từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp,chúng ta phải ®æi ngôi,thì và từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo qui tắc: a.§æi ngôi: +Ngôi thứ nhất: I,me,my,mine,myself,we,us, ours,ourselves:được ®æi theo ngôi của chủ ngữ của mệnh đề tường thuật: E.g: Jane said, “I live in the suburbs.”(Jane nói, “Tôi sống ở ngoại ô.” Jane said (that) she lived in the suburbs. +Ngôi thứ hai: you,your,yours, yourself,yourselves -được ®æi theo ngôi cña tân ngữ của mệnh đề tường thuật. E.g: He said to me, “You can take my book.” (Anh ấy nói với tôi, “Bạn có thể lấy cuốn sách của tôi.” He told me(that) I could take his book. -được đổi theo ngôi thứ ba,nếu mệnh đề tường thuật không có tân ngữ. The boss said, “You can have a day off.”(Ông chủ nói, “Anh được nghỉ một ngày.” The boss said (that) he could have a day off. +Ngôi thứ ba: he,him,his,himself,they,them,their,theirs,themselves:giữ nguyên. Mary says, “They come to help the students.”)Mary nói, “Họ đến đểgiúp các HS.) Mary says(that) they come to help the students. b.Đổi thì: + Không ®æi thì: trường hợp sau đây động từ của lời nói gián tiếp không đổi thì: Gi¸o viªn: NguyÔn ThÞ Hµ - 10 -